Amrit Mahhapatra

AIR 121 · CSE 2025

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Sample questions answered

• a) ‘Unconscious biases in parenting continue to shape gendered experiences in India.’ Do you agree with this view? Discuss. b) Distinguish between empathy and compassion. Why are they considered as foundational values in public services? GS4
• a) “With great power comes great responsibility.” In the present context, ‘Big Tech’ headquartered in developed countries wield disproportionate influence over digital infrastructure, personal data, and global narratives—often prioritising profit over ethical considerations. What ethical principles should guide such corporations in building a fair, inclusive, and just global digital framework? GS4
• a) Public spaces serve as arenas of democratic participation and civic expression. Yet in India, they remain deeply gendered, with many women largely confined to the private and domestic sphere. Examine the factors that restrict women’s access to public spaces. How can ethical governance help address the issue of gendered spatial control and promote inclusivity in public spaces? b) Write short notes on the following in 30 words each: i) Ethical fading ii) Conflict of interest iii) Persuasion iv) Work culture v) Corporate governance GS4
• A State Government in the northeastern part of the country has launched a series of anti-encroachment drives across forest areas, wetlands, and revenue lands. Under the directions of the Chief Minister, the administration has intensified efforts to reclaim public land, particularly in areas reserved for ecological protection and critical infrastructure development. Most of the time, these actions have been backed by court orders and have resulted in the recovery of thousands of hectares of land. However, in certain regions, the implementation of such drives is fraught with social and political complexities. In several districts, settlements have existed for decades and are inhabited by marginalized communities with limited access to legal rights or formal rehabilitation measures. These areas are often politically sensitive and influenced by local leaders and pressure groups. Simanta is posted as Additional Deputy Commissioner (ADC) in one such district. Over the past year, the district administration has attempted to align eviction measures with welfare outreach, including the provision of temporary shelters, relocation assistance, and public consultations. Recently, a major operation was scheduled to clear encroachments from over 140 hectares of forest land within a Reserved Forest, primarily to curb rising instances of human-elephant conflict and to restore ecological balance. Anticipating eviction, some residents approached the High Court seeking a stay. However, the court refused to grant it and directed the administration to proceed with the eviction following due process. Notices were served, and a detailed roadmap was prepared to carry out the operation, which was expected to last 2–3 days due to the scale and remote location. On the first day, Simanta led a team comprising forest officials, municipal workers, and police personnel. Demolitions were conducted peacefully and without major resistance. However, on the second day, when the team returned to the site, a large group of agitated residents—primarily women and children—had gathered. They raised slogans and formed human chains to prevent further evictions. The atmosphere grew tense when some individuals began throwing stones, resulting in serious injury to a municipal worker. The crowd grew increasingly volatile and emotionally charged, demanding an immediate halt to the operation. The police contingent present on the ground was outnumbered by the crowd. Faced with this crisis, some team members pleaded with Simanta to call off the operation, fearing threats to their life and the possibility of a violent escalation. Simanta attempted to contact his superior officer (the Deputy Commissioner), but due to poor mobile connectivity in the forested area, communication could not be established. Meanwhile, several local journalists had arrived and begun reporting on the incident. Simanta is in a dilemma as to what to do. a. Evaluate the options available with Simanta to cope with the situation. b. Which of the above options would be the most appropriate for Simanta and why? c. What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Simanta? d. Examine the qualities of a public servant which will be required to manage such situations. GS4
• a. स्थिति से निपटने के लिए सिमंता के पास उपलब्ध विकल्पों का मूल्यांकन करें। b. सिमंता के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त होगा और क्यों? c. सिमंता को किन नैतिक दुविधाओं का सामना करना पड़ रहा है? d. ऐसी परिस्थितियों का प्रबंधन करने के लिए एक लोक सेवक के गुणों का परीक्षण करें। GS4
• Gopal is an 80-year-old man living in a remote and an underdeveloped village in a Central Indian state. He had been residing in a small mud house for years. When he came to know about the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G), he saw a glimmer of hope for a pucca house in the last phase of his life. However, the village sarpanch and panchayat secretary told him that to be eligible under the scheme, he must first demolish his existing house so that during a site inspection, no structure would be visible at the location. Subsequently, Gopal demolished his shelter and began living under a babool tree. a) Examine the ethical issues involved in this case. b) Suggest a course of action for Gopal to get justice. c) What values should guide the officials involved in this case? GS4
• a. Can you think of a rational way to resolve this dilemma? b. Give your reasons for it. c. What are the ethical issues involved in the above case? a Can you think of a rational way to resolve this dilemma? b Give your reasons for it. c What are the ethical issues involved in the above case? GS4
• a. Discuss the ethical issues involved in the case. b. Examine the behavior of DPDO from an ethical point of view. c. How would you react to the situation? a. Discuss the ethical issues involved in the case. b. Examine the behavior of DPDO from an ethical point of view. c. How would you react to the situation? GS4

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